Project Overview
Designed and built an autonomous robot capable of following a predefined path with high precision. This project demonstrates proficiency in sensor integration, microcontroller programming, and motor control algorithms.
Problem Statement
Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) are essential in modern industries for material handling. Developing a reliable low-cost navigation system is a key challenge for small-scale applications.
Methodology
- Microcontroller: Arduino Uno.
- Sensors: Array of 5 IR sensors (TCRT5000) for path detection.
- Actuators: DC Gear Motors with L298N Motor Driver.
- Control Algorithm: PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) control loop implemented in C/C++.
Key Features
- PID Control: Ensures smooth navigation and correction of path errors without oscillation.
- Speed Control: Adjusts motor speed dynamically based on track curvature.
- Obstacle Detection: (Optional feature) Stops upon detecting obstacles using an ultrasonic sensor.
Outcome
The robot successfully navigated complex tracks involving sharp turns and intersections. The implementation of PID control significantly improved stability compared to simple bang-bang control, achieving higher average speeds.